In traverse adjustments, to obtain misclosure, which columns are summed?

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Multiple Choice

In traverse adjustments, to obtain misclosure, which columns are summed?

In a traverse, the misclosure shows how far the end point is from the start after adding up all leg changes. Each leg has a latitude (northing) and a departure (east-west) component. If you sum all the latitude values, you get the total northing change needed to close the traverse; summing all the departures gives the total easting change. These two sums form the misclosure in the northing and easting directions. If everything closes perfectly, both sums would be zero; any nonzero value indicates misclosure and is what you distribute during adjustment. Angles and distances are used to compute those components, latitude and longitude are geographic coordinates, and northings and eastings are the accumulated coordinates rather than the misclosure sums themselves.

In a traverse, the misclosure shows how far the end point is from the start after adding up all leg changes. Each leg has a latitude (northing) and a departure (east-west) component. If you sum all the latitude values, you get the total northing change needed to close the traverse; summing all the departures gives the total easting change. These two sums form the misclosure in the northing and easting directions. If everything closes perfectly, both sums would be zero; any nonzero value indicates misclosure and is what you distribute during adjustment. Angles and distances are used to compute those components, latitude and longitude are geographic coordinates, and northings and eastings are the accumulated coordinates rather than the misclosure sums themselves.

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